Gender, School and Society

1. Gender, Sex and Sexuality
1.1.1 Sex and Gender
1.1.2 concept of Gender
1.1.3 Social Construction of Gender
1.1.4 Characteristics of Gender
1.1.5 Sex and Gender
1.1.6 Differences between Sex and Gender

1.2 Sexuality
1.2.1 Meaning and Definitions
1.2.2 Expression and Experience of Sexuality
1.2.3 Influences on Sexuality
1.2.4 Difference between sex and sexuality

2. Third Gender and Transgender
2.1 Meaning
2.2 Types of third - sex people
2.3 Transgender - meaning and definition
2.3.1 definition of transgender
2.3.2 Categories of transgender people
2.3.3 transgender Vs Transsexual
2.3.4 Transgender Vs Intersex
2.4 Problems / Issues related to transgender
2.5 Enforcement of Transgender People's rights in India
2.6 Problems faced by transgender people in India
2.7 Efforts by Indian Government

3 Patriarchy, Masculinity and Feminism
3.1 Patriarchy
3.1.1 Concept and definitions
3.1.2 Patriarchal Ideology
3.1.3 Scope of patriarchal control
3.1.4 Characteristics of a patriarchal system
3.1.5 Theories of the origin of patriarchy
3.1.6 Causes of patriarchy
3.1.7 Matriarchy - Opposite to patriarchy
3.1.8 Characteristics of Matriarchal family
3.1.9 Impact / Effects of patriarchy
3.1.10 Impacts on Indian society
3.1.11 How to combat patriarchy

3.2 Masculinity
3.2.1 Concept of Masculinity
3.2.2 Factors of Masculinity
3.2.3 Definitions of Masculinity
3.2.4 Femininity
3.2.5 Masculinity Vs Femininity
3.2.6 Difference in traits of masculinity and femininity
3.2.7 types of masculinity
3.2.8 The Development of masculinity and femininity

3.3 Feminism
3.3.1 Meaning and definition of feminism
3.3.2 A brief history of feminism
3.3.3 basic principles of feminism
3.3.4 Different approaches to feminism (Types of feminism)
3.3.5 Objectives / Goals of Feminism
3.3.6 Feminism Ideologies
3.3.7 Feminism in India
3.3.8 History of Indian Feminism Movement
3.3.9 Contemporary women's Issues of India
3.3.10 Reactions of feminism

4 Gender Bias, Gender stereotypes and empowerment
4.1 Gender biases
4.1.1 Definition of gender biases
4.1.2 Types of gender bias
4.1.3 Difference between gender bias and sexism
4.1.4 Impacts of gender bias on society
4.1.5 causes of gender bias
4.1.6 Measures to remove gender bias
4.1.7 Present Indian situation of gender bias / Discrimination
4.1.8 Measures / Ideas for eliminating gender bias in India

4.2 Gender Stereotype
4.2.1 Concept of Gender Stereotypes
4.2.2 Definition of Gender Stereotype
4.2.3 Common Gender Stereotypes in Indian Culture
4.2.4 Impact/Effect of Gender Stereotypes
4.2.5 Effect of media on gender stereotyping

4.3 Gender Empowerment
4.3.1 Empowerment and gender Empowerment
4.3.2 Gender empowerment measures
4.3.3 Gender, Gender equity, Gender Equality and Gender (Women) Empowerment
4.3.4 Challenges to gender empowerment
4.3.5 Strategies for gender empowerment

5 Gender Equity and Equality in India
5.1 Gender Equity and Gender Equality
5.2 Difference between gender equality and gender equity
5.3 Gender equality includes all aspects of gender equity
5.4 gender equality in India
5.5 Definitions of gender equality
5.6 history of gender equality
5.7 Global Interventions or international efforts to promote gender equality
5.8 National level efforts
5.9 Legal and constitutional safeguards for gender equality
5.10 Gender equality in India with special reference to caste system
5.10.1 India's caste system
5.10.2 characteristics of the caste system
5.11 caste and gender in India
5.11.1 Disadvantages of caste system
5.11.2 Solutions

5.12 Gender equality in India with special reference to class
5.12.1 Characteristics of class system
5.12.2 Issues related to gender equality in class system

5.13 Gender equality in religion
5.14 Gender Equity and equality in education in Relation to ethnicity - present status in India
5.15 Gender equality in relation to disability
5.15.1 the gender dimension of disability
5.15.2 Gender and disability issues
5.15.3 Causes / reasons for gender gap in disability
5.15.4 Measures for solution

5.16 Strong trap of stereotypes of disability, gender against education
5.17 gender equality in relation to region (rural, urban and tribal areas)
5.17.1 Gender equality in relation to rural region (India)
5.17.2 Gender equality in relation to urban region (India)
5.17.3 Gender Equality in Relation to Tribal region (India)

6 Polyandrous, Matrilineal and Matriarchial societies in India : Relevance and status of education
6.1 Polyandrous
6.1.1 Polyandry : (One wife, many Husbands)
6.1.2 Polyandry related concepts
6.1.3 Merits of polyandry (Women)
6.1.4 Demerits of Polyandry marriages (for the status of women)
6.1.5 Merits of polygamy for the status of women
6.1.6 Demerits of polygamy for the status of women
6.1.7 Impact on education of women in polyandrous society

6.2 Matrilineal societies in India
6.2.1 Meaning and definition of matrilineal
6.2.2Characteristics of matrilineal societies
6.2.3 Matrilineal Vs Matriarchy/matriarchal
6.2.4 Examples of Matrilineal Societies in Inida

6.3 Matriarchial Society
6.4 Status of education of women in martriarchial and matrilineal societies

7 Paradigm shift from women's studies to gender studies
7.1 women's studies and gende studies
7.1.1 Women's Studies
7.1.2 Gender Studies

7.2 Difference between gender and women studies
7.3 the need and importance for a paradigm shift in gender perception

8 Historical backdrop : some Landmarks from social reform movement
8.1 position of women in 19th century
8.2 role and contribution of social reformers
8.3 impact of the reform movements on Indian society
8.4 Initiatives to reform Indian society
8.5 Nature of reforms
8.6 landmarks during 19th to 21st century

9 Theories on gender and education application in Indian context
9.1 Socialization theory
9.2 Gender Differences
9.3 Structural Theory
9.4 Deconstruction Theory

10 Power control in patriarchal, patrilineal, Matriarchal and matrilineal societies : Assessing affect on education of boys and girls
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Different types of societies
10.3 Power control in patriarchal and patrilineal societies
10.4 Power control in matriarchal and matrilineal societies
10.4.1 Power control in matriarchal / matrilineal societies
10.5 Assessing affect on education of boys and girls
10.5.1 effect of patriarchy on the education of boys and girls
10.5.2 effect of matriarchal and matrilineal societies

11 Gender identities and socialization practices
11.1 Gender Identity - meaning and definition
11.2 Gender identity development
11.3 Factors that influence gender identity
11.4 Gender Identities and socialization practices in family
11.4.1 Views of different authors regarding importance of family in socialization process
11.4.2 Effects of family
11.5 Gender Identities and socialization practices in school
11.5.1 functions of school in socialization

11.6 role of other informal agencies in socialization

12 Schooling of girls : Inequalities and resistances
12.1 importance of girls' education
12.2 Inequalities for girls
12.3 Reasons for inequalities
12.4 Effect of inequalities and resistances to girls' education
12.5 Interventions or strategies for girls' participation in schooling
12.6 Issues of girl education
12.6.1 Access to education
12.6.2 Retention of girls in schooling
12.6.3 Exclusion in education of girls

13 Collection of Folklores Reflecting Socialization Processes
13.1 Folklore-Meaning
13.2 Folklores & Socialization
13.2.1 Functions Folklores in Socialization Processes
13.2.2 Role of Folklores in the Socialization Processes
13.3 Collections of Folklore
13.4 Concept of Folklore
13.5 Reflecting Socialization Process by Folklores
14 Changing Perspectives with Legal Provisions ; Right to Inheritance ETC.
14.1 Brief History of Women’s Status in India
14.2 Inheritance Rights of Women in India
14.3 Laws that Govern Inheritance in India
14.4 Changing Perspective with Legal Provisions
15 Social Construction of Masculinity & Femininity
15.1 Culture & the Construction of Masculine & Feminine
15.2 Changes in Femininities & Masculinities
15.3 Creation of Masculine & Feminine Behaviour
15.4 Socialization of Stereotypes of Masculinity & Femininity
16 Patriarchies in Interaction with Other Social Structures & Identities
16.1 Social Structures & Gender Identities
16.2 Diverse Learning Theories & Gender Identity Formulation
16.3 Gender Roles &Gender Socialisation
16.4 Family Role in Gender Identity & Role Playing
16.5 Patriarchical System-Interaction
16.5.1 Social Structures in Patriarchy & Interaction
16.5.2 Identities in Patriarchy
17 Reproducing Gender in School: Curriculum,Text-Books,Classroom Processes & Student-Teacher Interactions
17.1Introducation
17.2 Gender Bias in Schooling
17.2.1 Gender Biases in Schools
17.2.2 Biased Behaviours in the Classroom
17.2.3 Gender Biases against Boys in Schools
17.2.4 Causes of Educational Biases in Schools
17.3 Gender Biases in Textbooks
17.3.1 Studies Related to Gender Bias in Text Books
17.3.2 Removal of Gender Biases in Text Books
17.4 Gender Biases in Curricular Choices
17.4.1 Biases that Emerge in curriculum
17.4.2 Consequences of Biased Curriculum
17.4.3 Changes in Curriculum for Gender Equality
17.4.4 Strategies for Change in Curriculum Planning
17.5 Gender in Hidden Curriculum
17.5.1 The Hidden Curriculum of Gender (HOG)
17.5.2 Gender in Hidden Curriculum
17.5.3 Different Views about Hidden Curriculum
Role in Gender Stereotypes
17.5.4 Removal of Gender Bias in Hidden Curriculum
17.6 Gender Biases & Teacher Attitudes
17.7 Gender Biases & Classroom Interaction
17.8 Gender Bias in Peer Cultures
18 Overcoming Gender Stereotypes
18.1 What Is A Stereotype
18.2 Gender Stereotypes Definition
18.3 What’s Wrong With Gender Stereotypes?
18.4 Role of Education to Overcome Stereotype
18.5 School Environment
18.6 Strategies to Overcome Gender Stereotypes in the Classroom
18.7 Role of Parents
18.8 Role of Mass Media
18.9 Role of Government
18.10 Role of Individual & Society
19 Working Towards Gender Equality in the Classroom: Need & Strategies
19.1 What is Gender Equality?
19.2 Need & Importance of Gender Equality
19.3 Factors that Contribute to Gender Inequality in the Classroom
19.4 How to Promote Gender Equality in the Classroom?
19.5 Identifying Bias: Materials & Curriculum Checklist
20 Empowerment of Women: Strategies & Issues
20.1 The Concept of Women Empowerment
20.2 Meaning of Women Empowerment
20.3 Definition of Women Empowerment
20.4 Issues of Women Empowerment
20.5 Strategies for Women Empowerment
20.6 Policy Initiative for Women Empowerment in India
20.7 National Policy/Plan for Empowerment of Women
20.8 Major Policies for Women Empowerment in Independent India
20.8.1 Recently Implemented Schemes/Programmes for Achieving Gender Equality & Empowerment of Women by Govt. Of India
20.9 Present Status of Women Empowerment in India